Classification and manufacturing technology of automobile moulds

In a broad sense, "automobile mold" is the general name of the mold that manufactures all parts of the automobile. For example, injection mold, stamping mold, forging mold, casting wax mold, glass mold, etc. When people talk about cars, the first thing they see is the car body. That is to say, the body is the symbolic assembly of the car. The body represents the image characteristics of that car. In a narrow sense, automobile mold is the general name of the mold for punching all stamping parts on the automobile body. That is "automobile body stamping die". For example, the flanging die of the top cover, the pressing die of the beam reinforcing plate, etc.

1、 Classification of automobile plastic moulds
There are many ways to classify automobile plastic molds. According to the different methods of plastic parts forming and processing, they can be divided into the following categories:
·Injection mold
Injection mold is also called injection mold. The molding process of this mold is characterized by placing plastic raw materials in the heating barrel of the injection machine. The plastic is heated and melted. Driven by the screw or plunger of the injection machine, it enters the mold cavity through the nozzle and the pouring system of the mold. The plastic is formed in the mold cavity by heat preservation, pressure preservation, cooling and solidification. Because the heating and pressurizing device can play its role in stages, injection molding can not only form plastic parts with complex shapes, but also have high production efficiency and good quality. Therefore, injection molding occupies a large proportion in the molding of plastic parts, and injection molds account for more than half of plastic molding molds. Injection machines are mainly used for the molding of thermoplastics, and in recent years, they are also gradually used for the molding of thermosetting plastics.

·Compression die
Compression mold is also called pressing mold or glue pressing mold. The molding process of this mold is characterized by adding plastic raw materials directly into the open mold cavity, and then closing the mold. After the plastic is molten under the action of heat and pressure, it fills the mold cavity with a certain pressure. At this time, the molecular structure of the plastic produces a chemical cross-linking reaction and gradually hardens. Compression molds are mostly used for thermosetting plastics, and their molded plastic parts are mostly used for the shell of electrical switches and daily necessities.

·Transfer module
Transfer mold is also called pressure injection mold or extrusion mold. The molding process of this mold is characterized by adding plastic raw materials into the preheated feeding room, and then applying pressure to the plastic raw materials in the feeding room by the pressure column. The plastic melts under high temperature and high pressure and enters the mold cavity through the pouring system of the mold, and then the chemical crosslinking reaction occurs and gradually solidifies and forms. Transfer molding process is mostly used for thermosetting plastics, which can form plastic parts with complex shapes.

·Extrusion die
Extrusion die is also called extruder head. This mold can continuously produce plastics with the same cross-section shape, such as plastic pipes, bars, sheets, etc. The heating and pressurizing device of the extruder is the same as that of the injection machine. The molten plastic will form continuous molded plastic parts through the machine head, and the production efficiency is particularly high.

In addition to the plastic molds listed above, there are vacuum molding molds, compressed air molds, blow molding molds, low foaming plastic molds, etc.

Stamping parts on automobile body are generally divided into covering parts, beam frame parts and general stamping parts. The stamping parts that can clearly represent the image characteristics of the automobile are automobile panels. Therefore, the more specific automobile die can be described as "automobile panel stamping die". It is called automobile panel die for short. For example, the trimming die for the outer panel of the front door, the punching die for the inner panel of the front door, etc.